&\textbf{\large RQ}&{\Large Does a personalized, per key, actuation force have a positive impact on efficiency and satisfaction?}&\\
&\textbf{\large RQ}&{\Large Does an adjusted actuation force per key have a positive impact on efficiency and overall satisfaction while using a mechanical keyboard?}&\\
\end{tabular}
\end{tabular}
\vspace{1em}
\vspace{1em}
% TODO: Dissatisfied statt comfort da hohe error rate und dadurch frustriert
% TODO: Bei hypothesen noch error rate bei geschwindigkeit mit einbeziehen
&\textbf{H1}& Lower key actuation force improves typing speed over higher key actuation force and therefore enhances efficiency. &\\
&\textbf{H1}& Lower key actuation force improves typing speed over higher key actuation force (efficiency - speed). &\\
&&&\\
&&&\\
&\textbf{H2}& Higher key actuation force decreases typing errors compared to lower key actuation force, which improves efficiency. &\\
&\textbf{H2}& Higher key actuation force decreases typing errors compared to lower key actuation force (efficiency - error rate). &\\
&&&\\
&&&\\
&\textbf{H3}& Keys with lower actuation force are perceived as more satisfactory to write with then keys with higher actuation force. &\\
&\textbf{H3}& Keys with lower actuation force are perceived as more satisfactory to write with than keys with higher actuation force. &\\
&&&\\
&&&\\
&\textbf{H4}& Users perform better and feel more satisfied while using Keyboards with personalized/adjusted key actuation force then without the personalization/adjustment. &\\
&\textbf{H4}& Users perform better and feel more satisfied while using Keyboards with adjusted key actuation force than without the adjustment. &\\
\end{longtable}
\end{longtable}
@ -60,8 +69,8 @@ force. Therefore the author proposes to answer the question:
Main target group to recruit participants for the research study from are
Main target group to recruit participants for the research study from are
personal contacts and fellow students. It is planned to recruit ~20 participants
personal contacts and fellow students. It is planned to recruit ~20 participants
in total. Participants are required to type with more than just one
in total. Participants are required to type with more than just one finger per
finger. Therefore touch typing is not a mandatory but helpful skill to
hand. Thus, touch typing is not a mandatory but helpful skill to
participate. The age distribution for the subjects is estimated to be between 18
participate. The age distribution for the subjects is estimated to be between 18
and 56 years. The average typing speed should be known prior to the main
and 56 years. The average typing speed should be known prior to the main
experiment. Therefore, a typing speed test should be performed on the subject's
experiment. Therefore, a typing speed test should be performed on the subject's
@ -73,7 +82,36 @@ study.
\subsection{Study design}
\subsection{Study design}
The experiment should consist of a experimental group and a control group. The text used for the typing test should be easily understandable. Therefore the text has to be evaluated with the help of a Flesch-Kncaid scala (understandability of text).
The experiment should consist of a experimental group and a control group. The
control group will perform all typing tests with the same keyboard. The text
used for the typing test should be easily understandable. Therefore, the text
has to be evaluated with the help of a Flesch-Kincaid scala \cite{flesch_fre}
\caption{Go TyingTest (GoTT) - Text contribution section }
\label{gott:contribute_text}
\end{figure}
% ASK: Should there be a control group at all, if so should they use their own keyboard or always the same random keyboard while they think they are testing different keyswitches?
% ASK: Should there be a control group at all, if so should they use their own keyboard or always the same random keyboard while they think they are testing different keyswitches?
@ -81,60 +119,73 @@ The experiment should consist of a experimental group and a control group. The t
\begin{enumerate}
\begin{enumerate}
\item Pre-Test questionnaire to gather demographic and other relevant
\item Pre-Test questionnaire to gather demographic and other relevant
information (age, gender, dominant hand, touch typing experience, average
information e.g., touch typist, average \gls{KB} usage per day and previous
\gls{KB} usage per day, previous medical conditions affecting the result of
medical conditions affecting the result of the study \gls{RSI}, \gls{CTS},
the study -> \gls{RSI}, \gls{CTS}, etc.) (5 min)
etc. (5 min)
% ASK: Medical conditions OK?
% ASK: Medical conditions OK?
\item Adjustment of test environment (Chair height, monitor height, etc.) (2 min)
\item Adjustment of test environment (Chair height, monitor height, etc.) (2 min)
\item Familiarization with the typing test (5 min)
\item Familiarization with the typing test (5 min)
\item\textbf{Main-Test part 1 (H1-H3):} Typing tests (2x 5 min per \gls{KB} +
\item Familiarization with the keyboard (5 min)
5 min break in between tests) with different actuation forces for the whole
\item\textbf{Main-Test part 1 (H1-H3):} In this part the subject has to take
keyboard (35 \gls{g}, 50 \gls{g}, 80 \gls{g}). These specific values are the
two, 5 minute, typing tests per keyboard, with a total of 3 keyboards
results of a self conducted comparison between the product lines of most major
(\gls{KB} A, \gls{KB} B, \gls{KB} C). After each typing test, the subject has
keyswitch manufacturers. The results show, that the lowest average force for
to fill out the post typing test keyboard comfort questionnaire. Each keyboard
keyswitches available is 35 \gls{g}, the highest average force is 80 \gls{g},
is equipped with one set of keyswitches and therefore provides one of the
and the most common offered force is 50 \gls{g}. The keyboard has an ISO type
following, uniform, actuation forces across the whole keyboard: 35 \gls{g}, 50
and QWERTZ layout to match the subjects day-to-day layout and keyboard
\gls{g} or 80 \gls{g}. These specific values are the results of a self
format. The keyboard uses mechanical keyswitches which are hot-pluggable and
conducted comparison between the product lines of most major keyswitch
therefore can be changed after each typing test while participants take a
manufacturers. The results shown in appendix \ref{app:keyswitch} yield, that
break. The order for the keyswitch actuation forces and texts for the
the lowest broadly available force for keyswitches is 35 \gls{g}, the highest
broadly available force is 80 \gls{g}, and the most common offered force is 50
\gls{g}. The keyboards used in this experiment are visually identical, ISO/IEC
9995-1 conform \cite{iso9995-1} and provide a \gls{QWERTZ} layout to match the subjects
day-to-day layout and keyboard format. All keyboards are equipped with linear
mechanical keyswitches from one manufacturer to minimize differences in haptic
and sound while typing. The order for the keyboards and texts for the
individual tests is randomized and across subjects counterbalanced to mitigate
individual tests is randomized and across subjects counterbalanced to mitigate
order effects \cite{statist_counterbalancing}. \textbf{(total: 60 min)}
order effects \cite{statist_counterbalancing}. \textbf{(total: 65 min)}
\begin{enumerate}
\begin{enumerate}
\item First typing test (15 min)
\item First typing test with \gls{KB} A (5 min) \\
\item Change of keyswitches + follow-up ISO keyboard comfort questionnaire (ISO9241-410) (5 min)
Follow-up ISO keyboard comfort questionnaire (ISO9241-410) (5 min)
\item Second typing test (15 min)
\item Second typing test with \gls{KB} A (5 min) \\
\item Change of keyswitches + follow-up ISO keyboard comfort questionnaire (ISO9241-410) (5 min)
Follow-up ISO keyboard comfort questionnaire (ISO9241-410) (5 min)
\item Third typing test (15 min)
\item First typing test with \gls{KB} B (5 min) \\
\item Follow-up ISO keyboard comfort questionnaire (ISO9241-410) (5 min)
Follow-up ISO keyboard comfort questionnaire (ISO9241-410) (5 min)
\item Second typing test with \gls{KB} B (5 min) \\
Follow-up ISO keyboard comfort questionnaire (ISO9241-410) (5 min)
\item First typing test with \gls{KB} C (5 min) \\
Follow-up ISO keyboard comfort questionnaire (ISO9241-410) (5 min)
\item Second typing test with \gls{KB} C (5 min) \\
Follow-up ISO keyboard comfort questionnaire (ISO9241-410) (5 min)
\end{enumerate}
\end{enumerate}
\item\textbf{Main-Test part 2 (H4):} Another typing test to compare the
\item\textbf{Main-Test part 2 (H4):} Another typing test to compare the
results of keyboards with uniform actuation force to keyboards with adjusted
results of keyboards with uniform actuation force to keyboards with adjusted
actuation force per finger/key. \textbf{(total: 50 min)}
actuation force per finger/key. Typing tests (2x 5 min + 5 min break in
between tests) \textbf{(total: (i) 60 min / (ii) 45 min)}
\begin{enumerate}
\begin{enumerate}
\item Typing sample text on an analog keyboard with high actuation force (150
\item\textbf{Alternative Methods:}
\gls{g}) to measure difference in typing force per finger and key. The subject
\begin{enumerate}
should be forced to press every relevant key (letters, digits, common special
\item\textbf{Personalized keyboard:} Typing sample text on an analog
characters) at least 5 times (can be replaced by a keyboard that is equipped
keyboard with high actuation force (150 \gls{g}) (less accurate) or on a
with different zones of keyswitches that use appropriate actuation forces) (30
normal keyboard which is placed on top of a force plate (more accurate) to
min including adjustment of keyboard and familiarization)
measure difference in typing force per finger and key. The subject should
\item Typing speed tests on the adjusted keyboard (15 min) with follow-up ISO
be forced to press every relevant key (letters, digits, common special
phga
4 years ago
